Predictions in a Counterintuitive World

Posted on October 14, 2015 by davidbdale

Counterintuitive Predictions

1. True or False. What occurs in the world is not always reasonable, logical, or right. Even so, it might be true. You’ll decide whether the Premises below are True or False.

2. Reasonable or Unreasonable. People act for reasons other than logic; among them sympathy, loyalty, hope, fear, vested interest, greed, and ineptitude. You’ll decide whether the Premises below are Reasonable or Unreasonable.

3. Right or Wrong. Decisions based on logic or reason can be ethical and moral, unethical or immoral. You’ll decide whether the Premises below are Good or Bad, Ethical or Unethical, Moral or Immoral.

4. Your Summary. Even without reading the actual article, you should be able to produce a better-than-average Purposeful Summary of its content after reading the 50 premises derived from the text. Write that Summary at the bottom of your list of 50 Predictions.

Your Predictions

Before hearing about the Mammogram team at Kaiser Permanente Hospital or reading the associated article, respond in three ways to the Premises below.

First: declare whether the statements made appear to be True or False (you could also answer Likely or Unlikely).

Second: declare whether the statements appear to be Reasonable or Unreasonable (or if you prefer: Batshit Crazy, or Not Insane).

Third: Declare the statements’ moral or ethical position to be Good or Bad. (If the statement doesn’t permit a moral judgment, you could still pronounce it a Good thing, or fundamentally Just Wrong.)

Respond in three ways for each Premise.

1. Likely / Batshit Crazy / Bad
2. False / Reasonable / Good
3. Unlikely / Unreasonable / Wrong
4. True / Not Crazy / Right

Of course, in paradise, the Reasonable would always be True and Good, and the Crazy would always be Untrue, and universally recognized as Bad. But we know better, don’t we? At the end of class, return to your predictions. How many of your expectations were met?

The Article

Mammogram Team Learns from its Errors

The Premises

1. If women knew how many cancers their doctors miss in routine mammograms, they would stop getting mammograms.
2. Radiologists who perform mammograms are held accountable for the accuracy of their readings.
3. A doctor who finds hundreds of tumors in a year and a half, but who misses 10, should be fired.
4. Doctors who read only a few mammograms a month shouldn’t read any at all.
5. Publishing the failure rates of radiologists improves their accuracy to the best the discipline can achieve.
6. The best technique for improving diagnosis accuracy has been adopted by almost no radiology departments.
7. Congress demands that radiologists be held accountable for their accuracy at detecting tumors in mammogram films.
8. The 20,000 US doctors who read breast X-rays are trained to do so; their accuracy is known and tested.
9. The medical profession accepts that, to varying degrees, all doctors make the same mistakes.
10. Doctors who do mammographies follow up with those patients to discover whether their diagnoses were correct.
11. Doctors appreciate knowing whether they missed actual tumors or misread the “shadows and swirls” of a mammogram as a tumor.
12. The “shame” of confronting an incorrect diagnosis is a valuable teaching tool for doctors who diagnose cancers from mammograms.
13. An accuracy rate of 80% in detecting cancers from mammograms is something to brag about.
14. The best doctor to head a radiology department is a squeamish physician who trained as a lawyer and prefers not to deal with patients “and their blood.”
15. Radiology can be tracked well statistically because patients either have tumors or they don’t.
16. When the director of the radiology department discovers a way to improve the accuracy of cancer diagnoses, his method is immediately embraced by hospital administrators.
17. When New York hospitals began to publish their surgeons’ heart surgery successes and failures, the death rate fell by 40%.
18. The falling death rate meant that heart surgeons were doing more careful work.
19. Hospitals that reduce their false diagnoses proudly advertise that they “make 20% fewer errors” than their competitors.
20. Publishing the error rates of mammography radiologists results in an unknowable number of cancer deaths in women who avoid testing.
21. A radiologist who is known to have missed a tumor is likely to have missed a dozen out of 3000 he declared to be tumor-free.
22. Out of those 3000, when 250 were scanned again, and 30 were biopsied, 10 were found to have cancers he had missed.
23. Finding those 10 cancers was reported as a front-page medical scandal instead of a triumph of an enlightened new technique for avoiding missed diagnoses.
24. Many of the 250 women who were told they needed followup were angry.
25. Of the ten whose cancers were missed by the first doctor but discovered in followup screenings, most sued the hospital for malpractice.
26. The doctor who missed the 10 tumors felt he had been treated unfairly, that only 3 of the cancers could be blamed on him, and that his error rate was acceptable.
27. After being fired, he was hired as a fill-in radiologist in five states bordering North Carolina.
28. The radiologists on the terminated doctor’s team supported him, not the hospital, and resent having their work scrutinized and their failure rates published.
29. While some doctors read 14,000 films a year, and others fewer than 500, failure rates are equally significant.
30. Doctors who read just 500 films a year should be re-assigned to other work, since their sample size determine their accuracy.
31. Doctors who are “fired” from film reading based on low volume are relieved to have the diagnostic responsibility taken from them.
32. Doctors would rather bring a patient back for a second look or a biopsy than miss a tumor.
33. Doctors are much happier to find evidence on the film of a cancer that has “been around for awhile.”
34. Routinely experiencing the shame of missed diagnoses in tests every four months builds confidence in radiologists.
35. Most hospitals send out lists of actual missed tumors or “false negatives” to their radiologists every year so they can study the films they misinterpreted.
36. The Kaiser Permanente department has learned to detect various “presentations” of tumors on film by studying films of actual missed tumors after the fact.
37. In North Carolina, for every two cancers radiologists find, they miss one.
38. If the results at Kaiser Permanente were replicated nationwide, better than 80% of cancers would be found and 10,000 more cancers would be correctly detected each year.
39. False positives are easy to track, but almost nobody tracks false negatives (missed tumors that show up in later mammograms).
40. There is no routine followup for women who, on the basis of their mammograms, are determined to be tumor free.
41. Holding radiologists to a higher standard of competency results in reduced access to quality care.
42. Making failure rates public increases the likelihood of malpractice claims, which in turn drives up insurance rates, which in turn drives good doctors from the field.
43. Having two doctors read all films improves accuracy and drives down costs.
44. A nationwide 70% effectiveness rate is considered the best that can be achieved practically and politically.
45. Government oversight of physician performance to standardize techniques nationally would reduce accuracy.
46. Dr. Adcock, who improved effectiveness in his radiology department by 25%, took himself off the team when his volume dropped.
47. The most conscientious doctors, who agonize over the presence or absence of tumors on every film, are by far the most effective.
48. When they have a choice, women are best served by the doctors who send the largest percentage of women for biopsies because they miss the fewest cancers.
49. The best indicator of whether a doctor is competent to read mammograms is the number of times she’s been sued.
50. A good day for mammograms is Mother’s Day, when many clinics offer free or discounted exams.

About davidbdale

What should I call you? I prefer David or Dave, but students uncomfortable with first names can call me Professor or Mister Hodges. My ESL students' charming solution, "Mister David" is my favorite by far.
This entry was posted in davidbdale, Professor Post. Bookmark the permalink.

24 Responses to Predictions in a Counterintuitive World

  1. littlecow24 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 9:07 am

    1. likely/unreasonable/bad
    2. not likely/unreasonable/bad
    3. false/unreasonable/wrong
    4. true/reasonable/right
    5. true/reasonable/right
    6. likely/unreasonable/wrong
    7. true/reasonable/good
    8. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    9. true/unreasonable/wrong
    10. likely/reasonable/right
    11. likely/reasonable/good
    12. true/reasonable/good
    13. false/unreasonable/wrong
    14. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    15. false/unreasonable/wrong
    16. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    17. likely/unreasonable/bad
    18. likely/reasonable/good
    19. likely/reasonable/bad
    20. likely/reasonable/right
    21. likely/reasonable/bad
    22. likely/reasonable/right
    23. likely/unreasonable/wrong
    24. likely/reasonable/right
    25. likely/reasonable/right
    26. likely/unreasonable/wrong
    27. likely/unreasonable/wrong
    28. likely/unreasonable/wrong
    29. likely/reasonable/right
    30. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    31. likely/reasonable/right
    32. likely/reasonable/good
    33. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    34. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    35. not likely/reasonable/good
    36. likely/reasonable/good
    37. likely/unreasonable/bad
    38. likely/reasonable/good
    39. likely/unreasonable/bad
    40. likely/unreasonable/bad
    41. likely/reasonable/good
    42. likely/unreasonable/bad
    43. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    44. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    45. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    46. not likely/reasonable/wrong
    47. likely/reasonable/right
    48. likely/reasonable/good
    49. not likely/unreasonable/wrong
    50. not likely/reasonable/bad

    Many mammograms that are done can result in a false positive, or even worse a false negative. Women who are given a false negative are most likely not tracked or called in for a follow up, creating room for the tumor they have to grow and become worse over the years. These women are likely to become angry when receiving a negative, but asked to come in for a follow up and see that they are actually positive. Publishing accuracy rates of radiologists is likely to create an initiative in them to become more accurate with practice, and would hopefully make the now 70-80% accuracy rate much higher.

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  2. minutemen14 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 9:10 am

    1. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    2. False/Unreasonable/Bad
    3. False/Unreasonable/Bad
    4. False/Reasonable/Good
    5. True/Reasonable/Good
    6. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    7. False/Unreasonable/Bad
    8. False/Unreasonable/Bad
    9.False/Unreasonable/Bad
    10. True Reasonable Good
    11. False Reasonable Good
    12. True Reasonable Good
    13. False Unreasonable Bad
    14. False Unreasonable Bad
    15. False Unreasonable Bad
    16. False Reasonable Good
    17. True Reasonable Good
    18. True Reasonable Good
    19. True Reasonable / In between
    20. True Unreasonable Bad
    21. True Reasonable Bad
    22. True Reasonable Bad
    23. True Unreasonable Bad
    24. True Reasonable Bad
    25. True (Somewhat Reasonable) Bad
    26. True Unreasonable Bad
    27. True Unreasonable Bad
    28. True Unreasonable Bad
    29. True Reasonable Bad
    30. True Reasonable Good
    31. False Reasonable Good
    32. True Reasonable Good
    33. False Unreasonable Bad
    34. False Unreasonable Bad
    35. True Reasonable Good
    36. True Reasonable Good
    37. True Unreasonable Bad
    38. True Reasonable Good
    39. True (Neither) Bad
    40. True Unreasonable Bad
    41. True Unreasonable Bad
    42. True Unreasonable Bad
    43. False Reasonable Good
    44. True (Neither) Somewhat Good
    45. True Unreasonable Bad
    46. True Reasonable Bad
    47. True Reasonable Good
    48. True Somewhat Reasonable Good
    49. False Unreasonable Bad
    50. True Reasonable Good

    After reading the 50 premises, I feel that the article focuses mainly on the innacuraccy of doctors and how inaccuracies are handled. The article features extremes on both sides. For example, doctors being fired over few misreadings and other doctors who are extremely flawed being protected. The argument over whether publishing findings is also discussed. In one breath, publishing findings informs the public and also motivates doctors to take even more extreme care knowing that they cannot hide. However, when doctors know they are under such a microscope it can have them second guess themselves and put unneeded pressure when they make these decisions. Producing these findings also can discourage some women from going if they feel that it isn’t worth it if they are not very accurate. It can also weed out the good from the bad which can make it harder for those with lower tier insurance to get the best doctors. Overall, this is an extremely tough balance between what is moral an immoral, while also determining what is reasonable. There needs to be some sort of accountability on doctors that does not discourage them and drive up insurance, while also keeping the public aware and taken care of. If not, there will be a lower confidence in mammograms across the board and fluctuating availability of accurate doctors that are able to treat patients.

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  3. mossmacabre says:
    November 2, 2021 at 9:12 am

    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    Likely/Reasonable/Right
    Likely/Not Crazy/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Bad
    Unlikely/Not Crazy/Bad
    False/Crazy/Wrong
    Unlikely/Reasonable/Good
    True/Reasonable/Good
    Likely/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Not Crazy/Good
    Likely/Not Crazy/Bad
    False/Crazy/Bad
    Likely/Not Crazy/Right
    True/Reasonable/Good
    Likely/Not Crazy/Right
    Likely/Reasonable/Good
    Likely/Not Crazy/Right
    Likely/Unreasonable/Bad
    Likely/Not Crazy/Bad
    True/Crazy/Bad
    Likely/Crazy/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Bad
    Likely/Crazy/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Bad
    Likely/Reasonable/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    Likely/Reasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Good
    False/Crazy/Wrong
    Unlikely/Reasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Good
    True/Reasonable/Good
    Likely/Crazy/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Good
    Likely/Crazy/Bad
    Likely/Unreasonable/Wrong
    Likely/Crazy/Wrong
    Likely/Crazy/Wrong
    Likely/Reasonable/Right
    Likely/Crazy/Bad
    Likely/Reasonable/Bad
    True/Crazy/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Good
    Likely/Reasonable/Bad
    Likely/Reasonable/Good

    PURPOSEFUL SUMMARY:
    In the field of radiology, more tumors than you would expect go under the radar during breast exams. Doctors could be missing hundreds every year, leaving women unable to take the proper precautions when dealing with cancer. When women are given a false negative and find out they have cancer later, they sue the hospital for malpractice, driving up the cost of insurance and deterring people studying to be doctors from radiology. Publishing the failure rates of radiologists and having them study they missed tumors help lessen the death rate by 40%.

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  4. ilovedunkinoverstarbucks says:
    November 2, 2021 at 9:13 am

    1.True/reasonable/wrong
    2.True/reasonable/right
    3.False/unreasonable/wrong
    4.False/unreasonable/wrong
    5.False/reasonable/wrong
    6.true/unreasonable/wrong
    7.True/unreasonable/wrong
    8.True/reasonable/right
    9.True/reasonable/right
    10.True/reasonable/right
    11.False/reasonable/wrong
    12.True/reasonable/right
    13.False/unreasonable/wrong
    14.False/unreasonable/wrong
    15.False/reasonable/wrong
    16.False/unreasonable/wrong
    17.True/reasonable/right
    18.True/reasonable/right
    19.True/reasonable/right
    20.True/reasonable/wrong
    21.True/reasonable/right
    22.True/reasonable/right
    23.True/unreasonable/wrong
    24.True/reasonable/right
    25True/unreasonable/wrong
    26.True/reasonable/right
    27.True/reasonable/right
    28.True/reasonable/right
    29.True/reasonable/right
    30.False/unreasonable/wrong
    31.False/unreasonable/wrong
    32.True/reasonable/right
    33.False/unreasonable/wrong
    34.True/unreasonable/wrong
    35.True/unreasonable/wrong
    36.True/reasonable/right
    37.True/reasonable/right
    38.True/reasonable/right
    39.False/unreasonable/wrong
    40.True/unreasonable/wrong
    41.True/unreasonable/wrong
    42.True/unreasonable/wrong
    43.True/reasonable/right
    44.False/unreasonable/wrong
    45.True/unreasonable/wrong
    46.True/reasonable/right
    47.True/reasonable/right
    48.True/reasonable/right
    49.False/reasonable/wrong
    50.True/reasonable/right
    When women go to the doctors for a mammogram they expect to hear accurate results good or bad but that is not always the case as the accuracy rate is not very high for finding tumors. Although it is a doctor’s job to find the tumors there can often be false positives/negatives and with this can come malpractice lawsuits. Although it is not the radiologists fault as they are human too and can miss things because x-rays are not the easiest thing to read even with years of experience and training.

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  5. Lunaduna says:
    November 2, 2021 at 9:14 am

    1.Likely/unreasonable/wrong
    2. Likely/unreasonable/wrong
    3. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    4. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    5. Likely/reasonable/right
    6. Unlikely/reasonable/right
    7. Likely/unreasonable/wrong
    8. Likely/reasonable/right
    9. Likely/reasonable/right
    10. Unlikely/reasonable/right
    11. Likely/reasonable/right
    12. Likely/reasonable/wrong
    13. Unlikely/reasonable/right
    14. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    15. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    16. Unlikely/reasonable/right
    17. Likely/reasonable/right
    18. Likely/reasonable/right
    19. Unlikely/reasonable/wrong
    20. Likely/reasonable/wrong
    21. Likely/reasonable/wrong
    22. Likely/reasonable/right
    23. Likely/unreasonable/wrong
    24. Likely/reasonable/right
    25. Likely/unreasonable/right
    26. Likely/reasonable/wrong
    27. Likely/reasonable/wrong
    28. Likely/unreasonable/wrong
    29. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    30. Likely/reasonable/right
    31. Likely/unreasonable/wrong
    32. Likely/reasonable/right
    33. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    34. Likely/reasonable/wrong
    35. Likely/reasonable/right
    36. Likely/reasonable/right
    37. Likely/reasonable/wrong
    38. Likely/reasonable/right
    39. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    40. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    41. Likely/reasonable/right
    42. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    43. Likely/reasonable/right
    44. Likely/reasonable/wrong
    45. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    46. Likely/reasonable/right
    47. Likely/reasonable/right
    48. Likely/reasonable/right
    49. Unlikely/unreasonable/wrong
    50. Likely/reasonable/wrong

    Many mammograms can result from a false positive or even a false negative. (A false positive indicates that a person does not have a tumor, and a false negative indicates that a doctor had missed a tumor on the screening.) In some cases with the new policies for hospitals, the women who receive false negatives are to return to the hospital to get re-checked. Of these women, they are angry for returning to the hospital, but if they notice that they are in fact positive for cancer, they are surprised. Also, publicity for accuracy should be implemented. Therefore, would purpose more practice with the doctors to improve accuracy in screening for cancers.

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  6. zipemup1 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 9:15 am

    1.False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    2.True/Reasonable/Right
    3.False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    4.False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    5.True/Reasonable/Right
    6.True/Reasonable/Right
    7.False/Reasonable/Right
    8.True/Reasonable/Right
    9.True/Reasonable/Right
    10.True/Reasonable/Right
    11.True/Reasonable/Right
    12.True/Reasonable/Right
    13.True/Reasonable/Right
    14.False/Reasonable/Wrong
    15.True/Reasonable/Right
    16.False/Reasonable/Right
    17.True/Reasonable/Right
    18.True/Reasonable/Right
    19.True/Reasonable/Right
    20.True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    21.True/Reasonable/Wrong
    22.True/Reasonable/wrong
    23.True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    24.True/Reasonable/Right
    25.True/Reasonable/Right
    26.False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    27.True/Reasonable/Right
    28.True/Reasonable/Right
    29.False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    30.False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    31.False/Reasonable/Right
    32.True/Reasonable/Right
    33.True/Reasonable/Right
    34.True/Reasonable/Right
    35.True/Reasonable/Right
    36.True/Reasonable/Right
    37.False/Reasonable/Wrong
    38.True/Reasonable/Right
    39.False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    40.True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    41.False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    42.True/Reasonable/Right
    43.True/Reasonable/Right
    44.False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    45.False/Reasonable/Right
    46.False/Unreasonable/Right
    47.True/Reasonable/Right
    48.True/Reasonable/Right
    49.True/Reasonable/Wrong
    50.False/Reasonable/Right

    Throughout this article it was explained how many mistakes can come from mammograms.

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  7. gingerbreadman27 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 9:16 am

    1: True / unreasonable / bad
    2: False / reasonable / good
    3: False / unreasonable / bad
    4: True / reasonable / bad
    5: True / reasonable / good
    6: True / unreasonable / bad
    7: True / reasonable / bad
    8: True / reasonable / good
    9: True / reasonable / bad
    10: True / reasonable / good
    11: True / reasonable / good
    12: True / reasonable / good
    13: True / unreasonable / bad
    14: True / reasonable / good
    15: True / reasonable / good
    16: False / reasonable / good
    17: True / reasonable / good
    18: True / reasonable / good
    19: True / reasonable / good
    20: True / reasonable / bad
    21: True / reasonable / bad
    22: True / reasonable / bad
    23: True / unreasonable / bad
    24: True / reasonable / bad
    25: True / unreasonable / bad
    26: True / reasonable / bad
    27: True / unreasonable / bad
    28: True / reasonable / good
    29: True / reasonable / bad
    30: True / unreasonable / bad
    31: True / reasonable / bad
    32: True / reasonable / good
    33: True / reasonable / bad
    34: True / reasonable / good
    35: True / reasonable / good
    36: True / reasonable / good
    37: True / unreasonable / bad
    38: True / reasonable / good
    39: True / reasonable / bad
    40: True / reasonable / bad
    41: True / unreasonable / bad
    42: True / unreasonable / bad
    43: True / reasonable / good
    44: True / unreasonable / bad
    45: True / unreasonable / bad
    46: True / reasonable / bad
    47: True / reasonable / good
    48: True / reasonable / good
    49: True / unreasonable / bad
    50: True / reasonable / good

    When reading mammograms theres is a high level of error whether due to the technology of mammograms or inexperience among the doctors reading them. Making doctors aware of their mistakes often times allows them to learn from their mistakes to improve accuracy. However, making their mistakes public often times leads to them being sued and drives them from the field.

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  8. toastedflatbread22 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 9:17 am

    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Reasonable/Good
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Good
    Untrue/Reasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Reasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Reasonable/Good
    Untrue/Reasonable/Good
    Untrue/Reasonable/Good
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasoable/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Good
    True/Reasonable/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Good
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Good
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Good
    True/Reasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Good
    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Unreasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Reasonable/Bad
    Untrue/Reasonable/Good
    True/Reasonable/Good
    Untrue/Reasonable/Bad
    True/Unreasonable/Bad

    Catching cancer, in this case breast cancer, is a precise and necessary practice that unfortunately is not always accurate. False positives are possible, but more importantly, false negatives are also possible. These mistakes are incredibly harmful to patients and unfortunately occcur more times than some may think. Radiologists are trained to look for cancer in patient’s x-rays, however their acccuracy is often flawed, resulting in them missing spots and telling patients that they are healthier than they actually are. The real issue is that these mistakes are forgotten and never examined again, so nothing is being learned. Recently, mistakes have been published and therefore, doctors have been scrutinized. Even more worrisome, these publications encourage women to skip their mammograms out of fear of false results. Cancer is not easy to catch, however missing tumors is harmful. Essentially, neither side wins in this predicament and there is no true answer on how to solve it. The only thing that can be said is that radiologists should always strive to be better and patients should be understanding and aware of the possiblility of human error.

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  9. kingofcamp says:
    November 2, 2021 at 9:51 am

    The Premises
    1. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    2. False/ Unreasonable/ Not ethical; wrong
    3. False/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    4. False/ Depends how accurate they are (so it’s a tie)/ neutral
    5. True/ Reasonable/ Important; good
    6. False/ Reasonable/ Bad
    7. False/ Reasonable/ Alright (depends on how inaccurate they are)
    8. False/ Reasonable/ Good
    9. True/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    10. False/ Highly reasonable/ Good’ ethical
    11. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    12. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    13. False/ Unreasonable/ Not great
    14. True/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    15. True/ Reasonable/ Good
     
    16. False/ Reasonable/ Good
    17. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    18. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    19. True/ Reasonable/ Okay
    20. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    21. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    22. True/ Reasonable/ Not good
    23. True/ Unreasonable/ Terrible
    24. True/ Unreasonable/ Neutral
    25. True/ Reasonable/ Neutral
    26. True/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    27. False/ Unreasonable/ Terrible
    28. True/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    29. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    30. False/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    31. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    32. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    33. False/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    34. False/ Tie/ Neutral
    35. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    36. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    37. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    38. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    39. False/ Reasonable/ Bad
    40. True/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    41. True/ Unreasonable/ Terrible
    42. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    43. False/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    44. True/ Unreasonable/ Not good
    45. False/ Reasonable/ Neutral
    46. False/ Unreasonable/ Not good
    47. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    48. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    49. False/ Reasonable/ Neutral
    50. True/ Reasonable/ Good

    There are a high percentage of mammograms that result in false-negatives and or false-positives; the accuracy for reading mammograms is not always one hundred percent correct nor are doctors always completely confident. These outcomes and uncertain attitudes results in thousands of patients either being misdiagnosed or developing fatal cancers because of false-negatives. Radiologist Kim A. Adcock, who worked in Denver, Colorado at Kaiser Permanente, developed a method that would improve the overall accuracy of readings. Misinterpreted results were made public, ultimately shaming doctors who misread results in the first place. The publicization of misunderstood results left many patients in shock and horrified. It is counterintuitive that the hospital for Dr. Adcock worked at would ultimacy shut down his proposal and method.

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  10. ziggy026 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 10:35 am

    1. True/reasonable/bad
    2. false/reasonable/good
    3. false/reasonable/good
    4. false/unlikely/good
    5. true/unlikely/good
    6. true/likely/bad
    7. false/unlikely/bad
    8. false/unlikely/bad
    9. true/bad/unreasonable
    10. false/bad/unreasonable
    11. false/bad/unlikely
    12. true/good/reasonable
    13. false/bad/unreasonable
    14. false/bad/unreasonable
    15. False/bad/unlikely
    16. false/bad/unreasonable
    17. good/true/neutral
    18. false/neutral/unlikely
    19. neutral/likely/true
    20. true/likely/bad
    21. True/bad/likely
    22. Bad/likely/batshit crazy
    23. good/likely/true
    24. likely/unreasonable/bad
    25. Good/reasonable/likely
    26. unreasonable/bad/likely
    27. bad/likely/batshit crazy
    28. Bad/unreasonable/likely
    29. False/unlikely/unreasonable
    30. True/good/reasonable
    31. Unlikely/reasonable/neutral
    32. False/unlikely/bad
    33. Likely/crazy/unreasonable
    34. False/unreasonable/bad
    35. False/unlikely/unreasonable
    36. Likely/neutral/true
    37. Likely/bad/unreasonable
    38. True/likely/unreasonable
    39. True/likely/unreasonable
    40. True/unreasonable/bad
    41. True/unreasonable/bad
    42. False/unreasonable/bad
    43. True/good/reasonable
    44. False/unreasonable/bad
    45. Neutral/reasonable/unlikely
    46. True/reasonable/likely
    47. True/likely/reasonable
    48. True/likely/reasonable
    49. False/neutral/bad
    50. False/neutral/unreasonable

    I believe this article focused mainly on how doctors that perform these tests are incapable of completing their jobs. The doctors that are fired for not doing their jobs properly and are defended should not be, and they are. The support should fall on the women that were wrongly diagnosed (either false positive or false negative). The doctors that caused this should undoubtedly be punished and fired for their incompetency and it’s appalling that they could find people that support them and believe that they are in the right and should be protected. These doctors should be removed from their positions, have their mistakes plastered on all of their files, and not allowed to practice medicine.

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  11. imaspookyghost says:
    November 2, 2021 at 10:39 am

    true/unreasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/unreasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/unreasonable/right
    true/reasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    True/unreasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/unreasonable/right
    true/reasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    False/unreasonable/wrong
    true/unreasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/unreasonable/right
    true/reasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    True/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/unreasonable/right
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/unreasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    true/unreasonable/right
    true/reasonable/wrong
    true/reasonable/right
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    false/unreasonable/wrong
    True/unreasonable/right
    True/reasonable/wrong
    false/reasonable/right
    true/unreasonable/wrong
    true/unreasonable/right

    Whether or not it’s the doctor’s fault or the technologies fault, a failure to detect a tumour will be blamed on the doctor, therefore, lowering their success rate. Along with this doctors often get sued for missing tumours despite them possibly not being the blame for the mistake. This causes many doctors to leave the field in fear of getting sued or of being criticised for being bad at their job.

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  12. frogs02 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 10:43 am

    1.true/unreasonable/bad
    2.false/unreasonable/bad
    3.false/unreasonable/bad
    4.true/reasonable/right
    5.false/unreasonable/wrong
    6. true/reasonable/bad
    7. true/reasonable/good
    8. true/reasonable/right
    9.false/unreasonable/bad
    10.True/Reasonable/Good
    11.False/Reasonable/Good
    12True/Reasonable/Good
    13false/unreasonable/bad
    14false/unreasonable/bad
    15false/unreasonable/bad
    16true/reasonable/good
    17true/reasonable/good
    18true/reasonable/good
    19false/unreasonable/bad
    20true/reasonable/good
    21true/reasonable/good
    22true/unreasonable/bad
    23true/reasonable/bad
    24true/reasonable/bad
    25true/reasonable/good
    26false/unreasonable/bad
    27true/unreasonable/bad
    28true/reasonable/right
    29false/unreasonable/wrong
    30true/reasonable/right
    31true/reasonable/right
    32true/reasonable/right
    33false/unreasonable/wrong
    34false/unreasonable/wrong
    35true/reasonable/right
    36true/reasonable/right
    37false/unreasonable/wrong
    38true/reasonable/right
    39true/unreasonable/wrong
    40false/unreasonable/wrong
    41likely/reasonable/good
    42likely/unreasonable/bad
    43false/unreasonable/wrong
    44false/unreasonable/wrong
    45false/unreasonable/wrong
    46true/reasonable/bad
    47true/reasonable/good
    48true/reasonable/good
    49false/unreasonable/bad
    50true/reasonable/good

    Many mammograms give false results and clear women for no tumors and later come back a few months later with tumors. Many doctors seem like they miss tumors more often than they should. Women that receive false-negative or false-positive results are either freaking out about a tumor they don’t have or are relieved for a tumor they do have. Women who receive a false negative are most likely not coming back for a check-up. This article focuses mostly on the inaccuracy of the doctors. Most of the time the hospitals are sued. Doctors’ failure to scope out a tumor can result in malpractice lawsuits. It seems like the doctors need to look over more films of tumors and study more.

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  13. chickennugget444 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 10:45 am

    1. True/reasonable/bad
    2. Untrue/ Unreasonable/ bad
    3. True/ unreasonable/ bad
    4. Untrue/ unreasonable/ bad
    5. Untrue/ reasonable/ good
    6. Untrue/ reasonable/ bad
    7. Untrue/ reasonable/ bad
    8. Untrue/ reasonable/ good
    9. True/ unreasonable/ bad
    10. Untrue / reasonable/ good
    11. True/ reasonable/ good
    12. True/ reasonable/ good
    13. Untrue/unreasonable/ bad
    14. True/ unreasonable/bad
    15. True/ reasonable/ good
    16. Untrue/ reasonable/ good
    17. True/ reasonable/ good
    18. True/ reasonable/ good
    19. True/ reasonable/ good
    20. true/ reasonable/ bad
    21. true/ reasonable/bad
    22. true/ reasonable/bad
    23. true/ unreasonable/bad
    24. true/ reasonable/ bad
    25. true/ reasonable/bad
    26. true/ unreasonable/ bad
    27. untrue/unreasonable/bad
    28. true/unreasonable/bad
    29. true/reasonable/bad
    30. untrue/unreasonable/bad
    31. true/reasonable/good
    32 true/reasonable/good
    33. untrue/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    34. untrue/ Tie/ Neutral
    35. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    36. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    37. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    38. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    39. untrue/ Reasonable/ Bad
    40. True Unreasonable/ Bad
    41. True/ Unreasonable/ Terrible
    42. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    43. untrue/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    44. True/ Unreasonable/ Not good
    45. untrue/ Reasonable/ Neutral
    46. untrue/ Unreasonable/ Not good
    47. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    48. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    49. untrue/ Reasonable/ Neutral
    50. True/ Reasonable/ Good

    When getting a mammogram, it is common for doctors to misdiagnose or to miss something. But cancer is a life threatening disease that requires a diagnosis and it is important to have doctors that are able to catch subtle changes in imaging. If a doctor makes a mistake, it could potentially cost someone their life. If they are diagnosed incorrectly it can be an extremely stressful and scary experience. It is important for doctors to be held accountable for their mistakes, and also to look back at past tests to analyze if they did miss something or not.

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  14. Lily4Pres says:
    November 2, 2021 at 10:45 am

    1. True/Reasonable/Bad
    2. False/Unreasonable/Bad
    3. False/Reasonable/Bad
    4. True/Reasonable/Right
    5. True/Reasonable/Right
    6. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    7. False/Reasonable/Good
    8. False/Reasonable/Good
    9. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    10. False/Reasonable/Good
    11. True/Reasonable/Good
    12. True/Reasonable/Good
    13. False/Unreasonable/Bad
    14. False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    15. False/Reasonable/Wrong
    16. False/Reasonable/Good
    17. True/Reasonable/Good
    18. True/Reasonable/Good
    19. True/Reasonable/Torn on this(people who have good numbers should advertise it to save more people)
    20. False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    21. True/Reasonable/Bad
    22. True/Reasonable/Bad
    23. True/Reasonable/Good (pushes other doctors to be more accurate)
    24. True/Reasonable/Right
    25. True/Reasonable/Good
    26. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    27. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    28. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    29. True/Reasonable/Good
    30. False/Reasonable/If they’re accurate why relocate them?
    31. True/Reasonable/Good
    32. True/Reasonable/Good
    33. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    34. False/Unreasonable/Bad
    35. False/Reasonable/Good
    36. True/Reasonable/Good
    37. I hope not sheesh/Unreasonable/Bad
    38. True/Reasonable/Good
    39. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    40. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    41. True/Reasonable/Bad
    42. True/Reasonable/Bad
    43. True/Reasonable/Good
    44. I hope not/Unreasonable/Bad
    45. False/Unreasonable/Bad
    46. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    47. True/Reasonable/Good
    48. True/Reasonable/Good
    49. False/Reasonable/Wrong
    50. True/Reasonable/Good

    Purposeful Summary:
    After going through these 50 premises, the main feeling received is that the accuracy of mammograms is not taken seriously enough. It seems most doctors are more concerned for their jobs than the lives of their patients, so much of this to where they’d (the majority of doctors) rather not know their accuracy rates to insure they keep their job. Most doctors seem to have an ill outlook on publishing accuracy reports although it would clearly result in better performances. Mammograms were not accurate enough and something had to change. Dr. Adcock was the one who stepped up to the plate. Prioritizing patients over job security through the practice of publishing accuracy results. Those with bad results would be scrutinized while those with good results would be praised and reap the benefits of their abilities. Seeing the results of Adcock’s practice went nationwide, resulting in numerous other practices trying the same concept. However, many selfish doctors did not support this as it hurt their job security.

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  15. comatosefox says:
    November 2, 2021 at 10:46 am

    May have done these wrong; I determined whether the statement was true of false, then if it was reasonable or morally right regardless of my true or false prediction.
    1 True / not crazy / bad
    2 False / unreasonable / wrong
    3 False / unreasonable / wrong
    4 False / unreasonable / neither
    5 True / reasonable / good
    6 unknown / crazy / horrible
    7 False / reasonable / good
    8 False / reasonable / good
    9 False / unreasonable / wrong
    10 True / reasonable / good
    11 False / neither / good
    12 True / reasonable / good
    13 False / horrible / wrong
    14 False / horrible / wrong
    15 False / unreasonable / bad
    16 False / understandable & unreasonable / good
    17 & 18 Heart surgeries are a very unpredictable thing, depending on the type of surgery and the condition of the patient. Hard to declare true or false to, but hopefully they’re both true
    19 False / weird / bad
    20 True / unpredictable / bad
    21 True / unreasonable / terrible
    22 True / unreasonable / terrible
    23

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    • comatosefox says:
      November 3, 2021 at 12:20 pm

      23 True / reasonable / bad
      24 True / reasonable / sad
      25 True / reasonable terrible
      26 True / unacceptable / terrible
      27 True / unreasonable / wrong
      28 True / deserved / wrong
      29 True / reasonable / right
      30 False / unreasonable / bad
      31 False / at fault / wrong
      32 True / reasonable / good
      33 False / crazy / wrong
      34 False / crazy / bad
      35 False / reasonable / good
      36 True / reasonable / good
      37 True / reasonable / bad
      38 True / unreasonable / bad
      39 True / reasonable / bad
      40 False / unreasonable / bad
      41 True / unreasonable / wrong
      42 True / crazy / wrong
      43 False / crazy / wrong
      44 True / crazy / sad & wrong
      45 True / reasonable / good
      46 False / reasonable / right
      47 True / reasonable / good
      48 True / reasonable / good
      49 False / unreasonable /wrong
      50 False / stupid / dumb

      Medical practices are always difficult to judge accurately, we hope the doctors and hospitals actually care that we are getting treated by the best. Reality says that they want to make money and that is there number one priority, next to not getting sued.

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  16. chickendinner says:
    November 2, 2021 at 10:46 am

    1. true, reasonable, bad
    2. false, reasonable, good
    3. false, reasonable, bad
    4. true, reasonable, good
    5. true, reasonable, good
    6. true, unreasonable, bad
    7. false, reasonable, good
    8. likely, reasonable, good
    9. likely, reasonable, bad
    10. false, reasonable, good
    11. false, reasonable, good
    12. true, reasonable, good
    13. false, unreasonable, bad
    14. false, unreasonable, bad

    Like

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    • chickendinner says:
      November 2, 2021 at 11:15 pm

      15. true, reasonable, good
      16. false, reasonable, good
      17. true, reasonable, good
      18. likely, reasonable, good
      19. true, reasonable, good
      20. likely, reasonable, bad
      21. true, reasonable, bad
      22. true, reasonable, bad
      23. true, unreasonable, bad
      24. true, reasonable, neutral
      25. likely, unreasonable, bad
      26. true, reasonable, neutral
      27. likely, reasonable, neutral
      28. true, reasonable, bad
      29. true, reasonable, neutral
      30. true, reasonable, neutral
      31. false, reasonable, good
      32. false, reasonable, good
      33. false, unreasonable, bad
      34. false, unreasonable, good
      35. false, reasonable, good
      36. true, reasonable, good
      37. true, unreasonable, bad
      38. true, reasonable, good
      39. true, reasonable, bad
      40. true, reasonable, bad
      41. true, reasonable, bad
      42. true, reasonable, bad
      43. true, reasonable, good
      44. likely, reasonable, bad
      45. false, unreasonable, bad
      46. true, reasonable, good
      47. likely, reasonable, good
      48. true, reasonable, good
      49. false, unreasonable, bad
      50. true, reasonable, good

      Like

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  17. nugget114 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 10:48 am

    1. False/Unreasonable/Bad
    2. Unlikely/Unreasonable/Bad
    3. True/Reasonable/Right
    4. False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    5. False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    6. Unlikely/Unreasonable/Bad
    7. Likely/Reasonable/Right
    8. Likely/Reasonable/Right
    9. Likely/Unreasonable/Wrong
    10. Unlikely/Reasonable/Bad
    11. Likely/Batshit Crazy/Bad
    12. True/Reasonable/Right
    13. False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    14. False/Batshit Crazy/Wrong
    15. Unlikely/Unreasonable/Bad
    16. Unlikely/Unreasonable/Bad
    17. Unlikely/Reasonable/Good
    18. Likely/Reasonable/Good
    19. Likely/Unreasonable/Good
    20. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    21. True/Unreasonable/Bad
    22. Likely/Unreasonable/Bad
    23. Likely/Unreasonable/Bad
    24. Likely/Reasonable/Right
    25. Likely/Reasonable/Good
    26. False/Batshit Crazy/Wrong
    27. Unlikely/Batshit Crazy/Wrong
    28. Likely/Batshit Crazy/Wrong
    29. True/Reasonable/Good
    30. Unlikely/Not Crazy/Right
    31. Likely/Reasonable/Good
    32. Likely/Not Crazy/Good
    33. Unlikely/Unreasonable/Bad
    34. Unlikely/Unreasonable/Bad
    35. Unlikely/Reasonable/Bad
    36. Likely/Reasonable/Good
    37. Likely/Unreasonable/Bad
    38. Likely/Reasonable/Good
    39. Likely/Unreasonable/Bad
    40. Likely/Batshit Crazy/Bad
    41. Likely/Reasonable/Good
    42. Likely/Unreasonable/Bad
    43. Unlikely/Unreasonable/Wrong
    44. Unlikely/Unreasonable/Wrong
    45. Unlikely/Unreasonable/Wrong
    46. Unlikely/Reasonable/Wrong
    47. Likely/Reasonable/Right
    48. Likely/Reasonable/Good
    49. Unlikely/Batshit Crazy/Wrong
    50. Unlikely/Reasonable/Bad

    After reviewing these 50 statements, you come to the conclusion that no where near enough professionals are held responsible for their failures. Across the nation women receive false positives and false negatives that terrify them and their family more than needed. Even though the rates have gone down immensely, it is still very much so prevalent. Prioritizing patient safety should always come above protecting a doctors professional status and ranking, even though sometimes it doesn’t.

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  18. strawberryfields4 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 11:16 am

    True/Unreasonable/Bad
    True/Reasonable/Good
    Unlikely/Unreasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Wrong
    True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Right
    False/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Wrong
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    True/Reasonable/Right
    False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    True/Unreasonable/Wrong

    The article highlights the unfortunate truth that radiologists perform better work on reading mammograms when their accuracy rates are made public. Many of these doctors tend to care more about the shame to their reputation, rather than the victims who face the true consequences of their mistakes when they fail to identify tumors. Studies have shown that doctors perform more careful work when they know that their results will be published. This emphasizes that tragic fact that many doctors do not hold the moral standards that their patients deserve. The article further discusses the standard to which doctors should be held. Sadly, it is inevitable that some tumors will be missed in mammogram readings. However, this number should be limited as much as possible by applying pressure to these doctors to perform their best work. Strategies such as having two doctors read each scan, only allowing doctors who read a certain volume of scans each year to be in practice, enforcing more routine follow ups, and mandating government oversight are presented as possible techniques to improve the current statistics.

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  19. levixvice says:
    November 2, 2021 at 7:43 pm

    True/reasonable/bad
    True/reasonable/good
    True/unreasonable/good
    False/unreasonable/bad
    false/reasonable/good
    True/unreasonable/bad
    False/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    False/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    False/unreasonable/bad
    false/unreasonable/bad
    False/unreasonable/bad
    True/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    False/unreasonable/bad
    True/reasonable/bad
    False/unreasonable/bad
    true/unreasonable/bad
    true/Unreasonable/bad
    true/Reasonable/bad
    true/unreasonable/good
    True/unreasonable/bad
    False/Unreasonable/bad
    false/Reasonable/good
    true/reasonable/Bad
    true/Reasonable/good
    False/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    False/Unreasonable/bad
    False/Reasonable/bad
    True/reasonable/good
    False/unreasonable/bad
    true/Reasonable/bad
    True/reasonable/bad
    true/Unreasonable/bad
    False/unreasonable/bad
    True/unreasonable/bad
    true/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/good
    True/unreasonable/bad
    False/Unreasonable/bad
    true/reasonable/good
    True/reasonable/bad
    False/Reasonable/good

    The failures of mammograms that radiologists are attempting to improve their accurate results from possible methods such as CT scans, X-rays, and biopsies and attempts to recognize the cell tumors before any controversy would strike them for malpractice and misdirection of the tumor being false positives or false negatives. Although some radiologist must be confident in the abilities and never lie or overuse their machines.

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  20. sunshinegirl457 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 7:48 pm

    1)True/reasonable/bad
    2)False/unreasonable/bad
    3)False/unreasonable/bad
    4)False/reasonable/bad
    5)True/reasonable/good
    6)True/unreasonable/bad
    7)False/reasonable/bad
    8)False/reasonable/bad
    9)True/unreasonable/bad
    10)False/reasonable/bad
    11)False/unreasonable/bad
    12)True/reasonable/good
    13)False/unreasonable/bad
    14)False/unreasonable/bad
    15)False/reasonable/bad
    16)False/unreasonable/bad
    17)True/reasonable/good
    18)True/reasonable/good
    19)True/reasonable/good
    20)False/unreasonable/bad
    21)True/reasonable/bad
    22)True/reasonable/bad
    23)True/unreasonable/bad
    24)True/reasonable/bad
    25)True/reasonable/good
    26)True/unreasonable/bad
    27)True/reasonable/bad
    28)True/reasonable/bad
    29)False/reasonable/good
    30)True/reasonable/good
    31)False/reasonable/bad
    32)False/unreasonable/bad
    33)False/unreasonable/bad
    34)False/reasonable/bad
    35)False/unreasonable/bad
    36)True/reasonable/good
    37)True/unreasonable/bad
    38)True/reasonable/good
    39)True/unreasonable/bad
    40)True/unreasonable/bad
    41)True/unreasonable/bad
    42)True/unreasonable/bad
    43)True/reasonable/good
    44)True/unreasonable/bad
    45)False/unreasonable/bad
    46)True/reasonable/good
    47)True/unreasonable/good
    48)True/reasonable/good
    49)False/reasonable/bad
    50)True/unreasonable/bad

    Doctors are notorious for being intelligent people, but a problem arises when this intelligence is masked by greed. 80% of all mammograms for women with possible breast cancer are accurate, which is a low amount in a situation this dire. While a false positive result of a harmful tumor is something that can be coped with and overcome, a false negative is much worse. Dr. Adcock successfully found a way to increase this percentage of correct results, but it has not and probably never will be instituted in all hospitals. The method is to document all findings and keep a track record for radiologists’ successes and failures. This helps women get the best medical care possible by limiting the amount of malpractice, but it puts the doctors in the spotlight and causes them embarrassment and loss of their jobs, which is why the government is not instituting this policy in hospitals as it should. This goes to show that money and reputation can get in the way of accurate diagnoses and cause deaths in women that could have easily been prevented if a radiologist was to put his or her pride to the side.

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  21. zzbrd2822 says:
    November 2, 2021 at 8:37 pm

    1) False/ Unreasonable/ Wrong
    2) True/Reasonable/Right
    3) True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    4) False/ Unreasonable/ Wrong
    5) True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    6) False/ Unreasonable/ Wrong
    7) True/Unreasonable/Right
    8) False/Reasonable/Right
    9) False/ Unreasonable/ Wrong
    10) True/Reasonable/Right
    11) True/Reasonable/Right
    12) False/Reasonable/Right
    13) True/ Reasonable/Wrong
    14) False/ Unreasonable/ Wrong
    15) True/Reasonable/Right
    16) False/Unreasonable/Right
    17) False/Reasonable/Right
    18) True/Unreasonable/Right
    19) True/Reasonable/Wrong
    20) False/ Unreasonable/ Wrong
    21) True/Reasonable/Right
    22) True/Reasonable/Right
    23) True/Reasonable/Right
    24) True/Reasonable/Right
    25) True/Reasonable/Right
    26) False/ Unreasonable/ Wrong
    27) True/Reasonable/Right
    28) True/Reasonable/Wrong
    29) False/Reasonable/Right
    30) True/Reasonable/Right
    31) False/Reasonable/Right
    32) True/Reasonable/Right
    33) False/ Unreasonable/ Wrong
    34) False/ Unreasonable/ Wrong
    35) True/Reasonable/Right
    36) True/Reasonable/Right
    37) False/Reasonable/Wrong
    38) True/Reasonable/Right
    39) True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    40) True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    41) True/Reasonable/Right
    42) True/Unreasonable/Wrong
    43) False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    44) False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    45) False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    46) False/Reasonable/Wrong
    47) True/Reasonable/Right
    48) True/Reasonable/Right
    49) False/Unreasonable/Wrong
    50) False/Reasonable/Wrong

    In the field of radiology, many mammograms that are done can result in a false positive or a false negative. Many tumors or masses could be left undetected by doctors, leading to women being unable to take the proper precautions regarding cancer. In some new policies for hospitals, the women who receive false-negative test results should return to the hospital to be re-tested and re-diagnosed. When women are given a false negative and then discover that they do in fact have cancer, they sue the hospital for malpractice. Publishing the accuracy rates of radiologists is likely to motivate them to improve their accuracy with practice.

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  22. kilotoon says:
    November 2, 2021 at 11:08 pm

    1. True/reasonable/bad
    2. false/reasonable/good
    3. false/reasonable/good
    4. false/unlikely/good
    5. true/unlikely/good
    6. true/likely/bad
    7. false/unlikely/bad
    8. false/unlikely/bad
    9. true/bad/unreasonable
    10. false/bad/unreasonable
    11. false/bad/unlikely
    12. true/good/reasonable
    13. false/bad/unreasonable
    14. false/bad/unreasonable
    15. False/bad/unlikely
    16. false/bad/unreasonable
    17. good/true/neutral
    18. false/neutral/unlikely
    19. neutral/likely/true
    20. true/likely/bad
    21. True/bad/likely
    22. Bad/likely/batshit crazy
    23. good/likely/true
    24. likely/unreasonable/bad
    25. Good/reasonable/likely
    26. True/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    27. False/ Unreasonable/ Terrible
    28. True/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    29. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    30. False/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    31. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    32. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    33. False/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    34. False/ Tie/ Neutral
    35. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    36. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    37. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    38. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    39. False/ Reasonable/ Bad
    40. True/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    41. True/ Unreasonable/ Terrible
    42. True/ Reasonable/ Bad
    43. False/ Unreasonable/ Bad
    44. True/ Unreasonable/ Not good
    45. False/ Reasonable/ Neutral
    46. False/ Unreasonable/ Not good
    47. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    48. True/ Reasonable/ Good
    49. False/ Reasonable/ Neutral
    50. True/ Reasonable/ Good

    It’s clear to me that, according to the general idea contracted from my understanding of the 50 statements, the doctors and medical professionals responsible for retrieving information based off of their patient’s mammograms are not held as responsible as they should be for their decisions, especially the incorrect ones. It isn’t really that uncommon for a woman to receive either a false negative or false positive, leaving them to have frightening conversations with their loved ones and unnecessary stress. Responsible and accurate decisions from medical professionals should be the number one priority, as these professionals have all of their patient’s trust and should not be able to have such a large negative impact on some of their lives without being held accountable.

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